Faith in Action #2: The Catholic Priest Who Revolutionised Electrical Engineering

May 16, 2025

Before the flicker of city lights and the hum of modern gadgets, an unlikely hero was quietly revolutionising electricity — and he wasn’t a scientist in a lab coat. He was a Catholic priest.

Meet Father Nicholas Joseph Callan (1799–1864), an Irish Catholic priest and pioneering physicist renowned for his groundbreaking work in electrical science. Born in Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland, Fr. Callan began his seminary education at Navan and later entered Maynooth College in 1816. There, he studied under Dr. Cornelius Denvir, who introduced him to natural and experimental philosophy, sparking his interest in electricity and magnetism.

Ordained a priest in 1823, Fr. Callan pursued further studies in Rome, earning a doctorate in divinity in 1826. He later returned to Maynooth College and served there as Professor of Natural Philosophy from 1826 until his death in 1864. During this period, he conducted extensive experiments in electromagnetism and electricity.

Invention of the Induction Coil

In 1836, Fr. Callan invented the induction coil, a device that revolutionised electrical engineering by transforming low-voltage direct current into high-voltage alternating current. This invention laid the foundation for modern transformers. Father Callan's design featured a primary coil wound around an iron core and a secondary coil wound on top. A mechanical interrupter repeatedly broke the current in the primary coil, inducing a high-voltage current in the secondary coil.

Groundbreaking Experiments and Demonstrations

Fr. Callan's early experiments included a large coil capable of producing 15-inch sparks, generating approximately 60,000 volts. He also constructed a massive battery comprising 577 cells, which powered an electromagnet capable of lifting two tonnes. These demonstrations astonished his students and showcased the practical applications of his inventions.

Legacy and Recognition

Despite his significant contributions, Father Callan's work was largely overshadowed by Heinrich Daniel Ruhmkorff, who is often credited with the invention of the induction coil. It wasn't until 1936 that Professor Patrick J. McLaughlin's research confirmed Fr. Callan's role as the true inventor.

Faith and Science in Harmony

Fr. Callan’s story is a shining example that brilliance can come from the most unexpected places. In a world where faith and reason often seem at odds, this Irish priest proved they can light up the world together in amazing ways.

“Faith in Action” highlights inspiring stories of Catholic priests and nuns who have made remarkable contributions in fields like science, law, and technology. These individuals have pioneered inventions, developed cures, and impacted lives beyond the church. Know someone deserving of recognition? Contact editor@catholicconnect.in.

By Catholic Connect Reporter